Red coral (also known as Moonga in Vedic astrology) primarily comes from the skeletal remains of marine coral species, particularly Corallium rubrum. While its chemical composition remains largely consistent, there are different types or varieties based on their origin, color tone, and quality. Here are the main types of red coral gemstones:
1.Mediterranean Coral (Corallium rubrum):
– Found in the Mediterranean Sea, especially near Italy and Tunisia.
– Considered the highest quality due to its deep red color and fine texture.
2.Japanese Coral (Corallium japonicum):
– Found near Japan and Taiwan.
– Known for its reddish-pink to orange hues, it can range from lighter tones to intense red.
3.Sardinian Coral:
– From the waters around Sardinia.
– Often features a darker, richer red color, sometimes more translucent than other varieties.
4.Pacific Coral:
– Sourced from regions like Hawaii and Taiwan.
– Typically has a more orange or pinkish tint and may be less valuable than Mediterranean varieties.
5.Angel Skin Coral:
– A rare variety that is more pinkish than red.
– Often used in jewelry due to its softer, delicate color.
6.Bamboo Coral:
– A coral look-alike, treated and dyed to resemble natural red coral.
– Less expensive and not as durable or valuable as true red coral.
While natural red coral is highly prized, there are also treated or dyed versions and synthetics in the market, which differ in quality and authenticity.
In India, red coral is primarily sourced from imports, particularly from Italy and Japan, as the natural habitat for red coral in Indian waters is limited. However, there are coral colonies in the waters around the Andaman and Nicobar Islands and the Lakshadweep Islands, where corals grow, but these are not as commercially significant for gem-quality red coral compared to Mediterranean or Japanese sources.
Most of the red coral used in India for jewelry and astrological purposes is imported, with Italy being the dominant supplier. The city of Mumbai is a significant hub for trading and processing red coral in India.
